Role of Emulsion and Nanotechnology in Alternative Fuel for Compression Ignition Engine: Review

The main reason for using alternative fuels in compression ignition engine is that the consumption and demand of petroleum products are increasing every year due to urbanization, increase in vehicular density and power requirement is going up and to reduce emission produced by today’s diesel engine, which in turns require a clean burning fuel that perform well under the variety of operating conditions. Using an emulsion of diesel in water as a fuel has been a recent field of study in this field. Water/diesel emulsified formulations are reported to reduce the emissions without compensating the engine’s performance. Conventional fuels have been found rather inadequate in improving emission characteristics which is the very first need of impeding emission regulation. Nanofluids could decrease the emission parameter and can improve combustion efficiency by improving the ignition delay and fuel properties. Nanofluids had the potential as the next generation fuel for lowering emission and combustion efficiency improvement. Although nanofluids have displayed enormously exciting potential applications, some vital hinders also exist before commercialization of nanofluids.